Remove use of {String,UUID}Identifier
[controller.git] / opendaylight / md-sal / sal-akka-raft / src / main / java / org / opendaylight / controller / cluster / raft / RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport.java
index 70ef3691003038b870cd8b9467a5f44fdd3ce382..bbc692e885c66a92fdfa8c01a0423cba56a4cc26 100644 (file)
@@ -9,13 +9,37 @@ package org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft;
 
 import akka.actor.ActorRef;
 import akka.actor.ActorSelection;
-import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.FollowerLogInformation.FollowerState;
+import akka.actor.Cancellable;
+import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;
+import java.util.ArrayDeque;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import javax.annotation.Nullable;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.ServerConfigurationPayload.ServerInfo;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.base.messages.ApplyState;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.base.messages.ElectionTimeout;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.base.messages.SnapshotComplete;
 import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.behaviors.AbstractLeader;
 import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.AddServer;
 import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.AddServerReply;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.ChangeServersVotingStatus;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.RemoveServer;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.RemoveServerReply;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.ServerChangeReply;
 import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.ServerChangeStatus;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.ServerRemoved;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.messages.UnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply;
+import org.opendaylight.controller.cluster.raft.protobuff.client.messages.Payload;
+import org.opendaylight.yangtools.concepts.Identifier;
+import org.opendaylight.yangtools.util.AbstractUUIDIdentifier;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+import scala.concurrent.duration.FiniteDuration;
 
 /**
  * Handles server configuration related messages for a RaftActor.
@@ -25,74 +49,824 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 class RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport {
     private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport.class);
 
-    private final RaftActorContext context;
+    private final OperationState IDLE = new Idle();
 
-    RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport(RaftActorContext context) {
-        this.context = context;
+    private final RaftActor raftActor;
+
+    private final RaftActorContext raftContext;
+
+    private final Queue<ServerOperationContext<?>> pendingOperationsQueue = new ArrayDeque<>();
+
+    private OperationState currentOperationState = IDLE;
+
+    RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport(RaftActor raftActor) {
+        this.raftActor = raftActor;
+        this.raftContext = raftActor.getRaftActorContext();
     }
 
-    boolean handleMessage(Object message, RaftActor raftActor, ActorRef sender) {
+    boolean handleMessage(Object message, ActorRef sender) {
         if(message instanceof AddServer) {
-            onAddServer((AddServer)message, raftActor, sender);
+            onAddServer((AddServer) message, sender);
+            return true;
+        } else if(message instanceof RemoveServer) {
+            onRemoveServer((RemoveServer) message, sender);
+            return true;
+        } else if(message instanceof ChangeServersVotingStatus) {
+            onChangeServersVotingStatus((ChangeServersVotingStatus) message, sender);
+            return true;
+        } else if (message instanceof ServerOperationTimeout) {
+            currentOperationState.onServerOperationTimeout((ServerOperationTimeout) message);
+            return true;
+        } else if (message instanceof UnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply) {
+            currentOperationState.onUnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply((UnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply) message);
             return true;
+        } else if(message instanceof ApplyState) {
+            return onApplyState((ApplyState) message);
+        } else if(message instanceof SnapshotComplete) {
+            currentOperationState.onSnapshotComplete();
+            return false;
         } else {
             return false;
         }
     }
 
-    private void onAddServer(AddServer addServer, RaftActor raftActor, ActorRef sender) {
-        LOG.debug("onAddServer: {}", addServer);
+    void onNewLeader(String leaderId) {
+        currentOperationState.onNewLeader(leaderId);
+    }
+
+    private void onChangeServersVotingStatus(ChangeServersVotingStatus message, ActorRef sender) {
+        LOG.debug("{}: onChangeServersVotingStatus: {}, state: {}", raftContext.getId(), message,
+                currentOperationState);
 
-        if(noLeaderOrForwardedToLeader(addServer, raftActor, sender)) {
-            return;
+        // The following check is a special case. Normally we fail an operation if there's no leader.
+        // Consider a scenario where one has 2 geographically-separated 3-node clusters, one a primary and
+        // the other a backup such that if the primary cluster is lost, the backup can take over. In this
+        // scenario, we have a logical 6-node cluster where the primary sub-cluster is configured as voting
+        // and the backup sub-cluster as non-voting such that the primary cluster can make progress without
+        // consensus from the backup cluster while still replicating to the backup. On fail-over to the backup,
+        // a request would be sent to a member of the backup cluster to flip the voting states, ie make the
+        // backup sub-cluster voting and the lost primary non-voting. However since the primary majority
+        // cluster is lost, there would be no leader to apply, persist and replicate the server config change.
+        // Therefore, if the local server is currently non-voting and is to be changed to voting and there is
+        // no current leader, we will try to elect a leader using the new server config in order to replicate
+        // the change and progress.
+        boolean localServerChangingToVoting = Boolean.TRUE.equals(message.
+                getServerVotingStatusMap().get(raftActor.getRaftActorContext().getId()));
+        boolean hasNoLeader = raftActor.getLeaderId() == null;
+        if(localServerChangingToVoting && !raftContext.isVotingMember() && hasNoLeader) {
+            currentOperationState.onNewOperation(new ChangeServersVotingStatusContext(message, sender, true));
+        } else {
+            onNewOperation(new ChangeServersVotingStatusContext(message, sender, false));
         }
+    }
 
-        // TODO - check if a server config is in progress. If so, cache this AddServer request to be processed
-        // after the current one is done.
+    private void onRemoveServer(RemoveServer removeServer, ActorRef sender) {
+        LOG.debug("{}: onRemoveServer: {}, state: {}", raftContext.getId(), removeServer, currentOperationState);
+        boolean isSelf = removeServer.getServerId().equals(raftContext.getId());
+        if(isSelf && !raftContext.hasFollowers()) {
+            sender.tell(new RemoveServerReply(ServerChangeStatus.NOT_SUPPORTED, raftActor.getLeaderId()),
+                    raftActor.getSelf());
+        } else if(!isSelf && !raftContext.getPeerIds().contains(removeServer.getServerId())) {
+            sender.tell(new RemoveServerReply(ServerChangeStatus.DOES_NOT_EXIST, raftActor.getLeaderId()),
+                    raftActor.getSelf());
+        } else {
+            String serverAddress = isSelf ? raftActor.self().path().toString() :
+                raftContext.getPeerAddress(removeServer.getServerId());
+            onNewOperation(new RemoveServerContext(removeServer, serverAddress, sender));
+        }
+    }
 
-        context.addToPeers(addServer.getNewServerId(), addServer.getNewServerAddress());
+    private boolean onApplyState(ApplyState applyState) {
+        Payload data = applyState.getReplicatedLogEntry().getData();
+        if(data instanceof ServerConfigurationPayload) {
+            currentOperationState.onApplyState(applyState);
+            return true;
+        }
 
-        AbstractLeader leader = (AbstractLeader) raftActor.getCurrentBehavior();
-        FollowerState initialState = addServer.isVotingMember() ? FollowerState.VOTING_NOT_INITIALIZED :
-            FollowerState.NON_VOTING;
-        leader.addFollower(addServer.getNewServerId(), initialState);
+        return false;
+    }
 
-        // TODO
-        // if initialState == FollowerState.VOTING_NOT_INITIALIZED
-        //     Initiate snapshot via leader.initiateCaptureSnapshot(addServer.getNewServerId())
-        //     Start a timer to abort the operation after a period of time (maybe 2 times election timeout)
-        //     Set local instance state and wait for message from the AbstractLeader when install snapshot is done and return now
-        //     When install snapshot message is received, go to step 1
-        // else
-        //     go to step 2
-        //
-        // 1) tell AbstractLeader mark the follower as VOTING and recalculate minReplicationCount and
-        //        minIsolatedLeaderPeerCount
-        // 2) persist and replicate ServerConfigurationPayload via
-        //           raftActor.persistData(sender, uuid, newServerConfigurationPayload)
-        // 3) Wait for commit complete via ApplyState message in RaftActor or time it out. In RaftActor,
-        //       on ApplyState, check if ReplicatedLogEntry payload is ServerConfigurationPayload and call
-        //       this class.
-        //
+    /**
+     * The algorithm for AddServer is as follows:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>Add the new server as a peer.</li>
+     * <li>Add the new follower to the leader.</li>
+     * <li>If new server should be voting member</li>
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>Initialize FollowerState to VOTING_NOT_INITIALIZED.</li>
+     *     <li>Initiate install snapshot to the new follower.</li>
+     *     <li>When install snapshot complete, mark the follower as VOTING and re-calculate majority vote count.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     * <li>Persist and replicate ServerConfigurationPayload with the new server list.</li>
+     * <li>On replication consensus, respond to caller with OK.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     * If the install snapshot times out after a period of 2 * election time out
+     * <ul>
+     *     <li>Remove the new server as a peer.</li>
+     *     <li>Remove the new follower from the leader.</li>
+     *     <li>Respond to caller with TIMEOUT.</li>
+     * </ul>
+     */
+    private void onAddServer(AddServer addServer, ActorRef sender) {
+        LOG.debug("{}: onAddServer: {}, state: {}", raftContext.getId(), addServer, currentOperationState);
 
-        // TODO - temporary
-        sender.tell(new AddServerReply(ServerChangeStatus.OK, raftActor.getLeaderId()), raftActor.self());
+        onNewOperation(new AddServerContext(addServer, sender));
     }
 
-    private boolean noLeaderOrForwardedToLeader(Object message, RaftActor raftActor, ActorRef sender) {
+    private void onNewOperation(ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext) {
         if (raftActor.isLeader()) {
-            return false;
+            currentOperationState.onNewOperation(operationContext);
+        } else {
+            ActorSelection leader = raftActor.getLeader();
+            if (leader != null) {
+                LOG.debug("{}: Not leader - forwarding to leader {}", raftContext.getId(), leader);
+                leader.tell(operationContext.getOperation(), operationContext.getClientRequestor());
+            } else {
+                LOG.debug("{}: No leader - returning NO_LEADER reply", raftContext.getId());
+                operationContext.getClientRequestor().tell(operationContext.newReply(
+                        ServerChangeStatus.NO_LEADER, null), raftActor.self());
+            }
         }
+    }
 
-        ActorSelection leader = raftActor.getLeader();
-        if (leader != null) {
-            LOG.debug("Not leader - forwarding to leader {}", leader);
-            leader.forward(message, raftActor.getContext());
-        } else {
-            LOG.debug("No leader - returning NO_LEADER AddServerReply");
-            sender.tell(new AddServerReply(ServerChangeStatus.NO_LEADER, null), raftActor.self());
+    /**
+     * Interface for the initial state for a server operation.
+     */
+    private interface InitialOperationState {
+        void initiate();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Abstract base class for a server operation FSM state. Handles common behavior for all states.
+     */
+    private abstract class OperationState {
+        void onNewOperation(ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext) {
+            // We're currently processing another operation so queue it to be processed later.
+
+            LOG.debug("{}: Server operation already in progress - queueing {}", raftContext.getId(),
+                    operationContext.getOperation());
+
+            pendingOperationsQueue.add(operationContext);
+        }
+
+        void onServerOperationTimeout(ServerOperationTimeout timeout) {
+            LOG.debug("onServerOperationTimeout should not be called in state {}", this);
+        }
+
+        void onUnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply(UnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply reply) {
+            LOG.debug("onUnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply was called in state {}", this);
+        }
+
+        void onApplyState(ApplyState applyState) {
+            LOG.debug("onApplyState was called in state {}", this);
+        }
+
+        void onSnapshotComplete() {
+
+        }
+
+        void onNewLeader(String newLeader) {
+        }
+
+        protected void persistNewServerConfiguration(ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext){
+            raftContext.setDynamicServerConfigurationInUse();
+
+            ServerConfigurationPayload payload = raftContext.getPeerServerInfo(
+                    operationContext.includeSelfInNewConfiguration(raftActor));
+            LOG.debug("{}: New server configuration : {}", raftContext.getId(), payload.getServerConfig());
+
+            raftActor.persistData(operationContext.getClientRequestor(), operationContext.getContextId(), payload);
+
+            currentOperationState = new Persisting(operationContext, newTimer(new ServerOperationTimeout(
+                    operationContext.getLoggingContext())));
+
+            sendReply(operationContext, ServerChangeStatus.OK);
+        }
+
+        protected void operationComplete(ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext, @Nullable ServerChangeStatus replyStatus) {
+            if(replyStatus != null) {
+                sendReply(operationContext, replyStatus);
+            }
+
+            operationContext.operationComplete(raftActor, replyStatus == null || replyStatus == ServerChangeStatus.OK);
+
+            changeToIdleState();
         }
 
-        return true;
+        protected void changeToIdleState() {
+            currentOperationState = IDLE;
+
+            ServerOperationContext<?> nextOperation = pendingOperationsQueue.poll();
+            if(nextOperation != null) {
+                RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport.this.onNewOperation(nextOperation);
+            }
+        }
+
+        protected void sendReply(ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext, ServerChangeStatus status) {
+            LOG.debug("{}: Returning {} for operation {}", raftContext.getId(), status, operationContext.getOperation());
+
+            operationContext.getClientRequestor().tell(operationContext.newReply(status, raftActor.getLeaderId()),
+                    raftActor.self());
+        }
+
+        Cancellable newTimer(Object message) {
+            return newTimer(raftContext.getConfigParams().getElectionTimeOutInterval().$times(2), message);
+        }
+
+        Cancellable newTimer(FiniteDuration timeout, Object message) {
+            return raftContext.getActorSystem().scheduler().scheduleOnce(
+                    timeout, raftContext.getActor(), message,
+                            raftContext.getActorSystem().dispatcher(), raftContext.getActor());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return getClass().getSimpleName();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The state when no server operation is in progress. It immediately initiates new server operations.
+     */
+    private final class Idle extends OperationState {
+        @Override
+        public void onNewOperation(ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext) {
+            operationContext.newInitialOperationState(RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport.this).initiate();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onApplyState(ApplyState applyState) {
+            // Noop - we override b/c ApplyState is called normally for followers in the idle state.
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The state when a new server configuration is being persisted and replicated.
+     */
+    private final class Persisting extends OperationState {
+        private final ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext;
+        private final Cancellable timer;
+        private boolean timedOut = false;
+
+        Persisting(ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext, Cancellable timer) {
+            this.operationContext = operationContext;
+            this.timer = timer;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onApplyState(ApplyState applyState) {
+            // Sanity check - we could get an ApplyState from a previous operation that timed out so make
+            // sure it's meant for us.
+            if(operationContext.getContextId().equals(applyState.getIdentifier())) {
+                LOG.info("{}: {} has been successfully replicated to a majority of followers", raftContext.getId(),
+                        applyState.getReplicatedLogEntry().getData());
+
+                timer.cancel();
+                operationComplete(operationContext, null);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onServerOperationTimeout(ServerOperationTimeout timeout) {
+            LOG.warn("{}: Timeout occured while replicating the new server configuration for {}", raftContext.getId(),
+                    timeout.getLoggingContext());
+
+            timedOut = true;
+
+            // Fail any pending operations
+            ServerOperationContext<?> nextOperation = pendingOperationsQueue.poll();
+            while(nextOperation != null) {
+                sendReply(nextOperation, ServerChangeStatus.PRIOR_REQUEST_CONSENSUS_TIMEOUT);
+                nextOperation = pendingOperationsQueue.poll();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNewOperation(ServerOperationContext<?> operationContext) {
+            if(timedOut) {
+                sendReply(operationContext, ServerChangeStatus.PRIOR_REQUEST_CONSENSUS_TIMEOUT);
+            } else {
+                super.onNewOperation(operationContext);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Abstract base class for an AddServer operation state.
+     */
+    private abstract class AddServerState extends OperationState {
+        private final AddServerContext addServerContext;
+
+        AddServerState(AddServerContext addServerContext) {
+            this.addServerContext = addServerContext;
+        }
+
+        AddServerContext getAddServerContext() {
+            return addServerContext;
+        }
+
+        Cancellable newInstallSnapshotTimer() {
+            return newTimer(new ServerOperationTimeout(addServerContext.getOperation().getNewServerId()));
+        }
+
+        void handleInstallSnapshotTimeout(ServerOperationTimeout timeout) {
+            String serverId = timeout.getLoggingContext();
+
+            LOG.debug("{}: handleInstallSnapshotTimeout for new server {}", raftContext.getId(), serverId);
+
+            // cleanup
+            raftContext.removePeer(serverId);
+
+            boolean isLeader = raftActor.isLeader();
+            if(isLeader) {
+                AbstractLeader leader = (AbstractLeader) raftActor.getCurrentBehavior();
+                leader.removeFollower(serverId);
+            }
+
+            operationComplete(getAddServerContext(), isLeader ? ServerChangeStatus.TIMEOUT : ServerChangeStatus.NO_LEADER);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The initial state for the AddServer operation. It adds the new follower as a peer and initiates
+     * snapshot capture, if necessary.
+     */
+    private final class InitialAddServerState extends AddServerState implements InitialOperationState {
+        InitialAddServerState(AddServerContext addServerContext) {
+            super(addServerContext);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void initiate() {
+            AbstractLeader leader = (AbstractLeader) raftActor.getCurrentBehavior();
+            AddServer addServer = getAddServerContext().getOperation();
+
+            LOG.debug("{}: Initiating {}", raftContext.getId(), addServer);
+
+            if(raftContext.getPeerInfo(addServer.getNewServerId()) != null) {
+                operationComplete(getAddServerContext(), ServerChangeStatus.ALREADY_EXISTS);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            VotingState votingState = addServer.isVotingMember() ? VotingState.VOTING_NOT_INITIALIZED :
+                    VotingState.NON_VOTING;
+            raftContext.addToPeers(addServer.getNewServerId(), addServer.getNewServerAddress(), votingState);
+
+            leader.addFollower(addServer.getNewServerId());
+
+            if(votingState == VotingState.VOTING_NOT_INITIALIZED){
+                // schedule the install snapshot timeout timer
+                Cancellable installSnapshotTimer = newInstallSnapshotTimer();
+                if(leader.initiateCaptureSnapshot(addServer.getNewServerId())) {
+                    LOG.debug("{}: Initiating capture snapshot for new server {}", raftContext.getId(),
+                            addServer.getNewServerId());
+
+                    currentOperationState = new InstallingSnapshot(getAddServerContext(), installSnapshotTimer);
+                } else {
+                    LOG.debug("{}: Snapshot already in progress - waiting for completion", raftContext.getId());
+
+                    currentOperationState = new WaitingForPriorSnapshotComplete(getAddServerContext(),
+                            installSnapshotTimer);
+                }
+            } else {
+                LOG.debug("{}: New follower is non-voting - directly persisting new server configuration",
+                        raftContext.getId());
+
+                persistNewServerConfiguration(getAddServerContext());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The AddServer operation state for when the catch-up snapshot is being installed. It handles successful
+     * reply or timeout.
+     */
+    private final class InstallingSnapshot extends AddServerState {
+        private final Cancellable installSnapshotTimer;
+
+        InstallingSnapshot(AddServerContext addServerContext, Cancellable installSnapshotTimer) {
+            super(addServerContext);
+            this.installSnapshotTimer = Preconditions.checkNotNull(installSnapshotTimer);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onServerOperationTimeout(ServerOperationTimeout timeout) {
+            handleInstallSnapshotTimeout(timeout);
+
+            LOG.warn("{}: Timeout occured for new server {} while installing snapshot", raftContext.getId(),
+                    timeout.getLoggingContext());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onUnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply(UnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply reply) {
+            LOG.debug("{}: onUnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply: {}", raftContext.getId(), reply);
+
+            String followerId = reply.getFollowerId();
+
+            // Sanity check to guard against receiving an UnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply from a prior
+            // add server operation that timed out.
+            if(getAddServerContext().getOperation().getNewServerId().equals(followerId) && raftActor.isLeader()) {
+                AbstractLeader leader = (AbstractLeader) raftActor.getCurrentBehavior();
+                raftContext.getPeerInfo(followerId).setVotingState(VotingState.VOTING);
+                leader.updateMinReplicaCount();
+
+                persistNewServerConfiguration(getAddServerContext());
+
+                installSnapshotTimer.cancel();
+            } else {
+                LOG.debug("{}: Dropping UnInitializedFollowerSnapshotReply for server {}: {}",
+                        raftContext.getId(), followerId,
+                        !raftActor.isLeader() ? "not leader" : "server Id doesn't match");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The AddServer operation state for when there is a snapshot already in progress. When the current
+     * snapshot completes, it initiates an install snapshot.
+     */
+    private final class WaitingForPriorSnapshotComplete extends AddServerState {
+        private final Cancellable snapshotTimer;
+
+        WaitingForPriorSnapshotComplete(AddServerContext addServerContext, Cancellable snapshotTimer) {
+            super(addServerContext);
+            this.snapshotTimer = Preconditions.checkNotNull(snapshotTimer);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onSnapshotComplete() {
+            LOG.debug("{}: onSnapshotComplete", raftContext.getId());
+
+            if(!raftActor.isLeader()) {
+                LOG.debug("{}: No longer the leader", raftContext.getId());
+                return;
+            }
+
+            AbstractLeader leader = (AbstractLeader) raftActor.getCurrentBehavior();
+            if(leader.initiateCaptureSnapshot(getAddServerContext().getOperation().getNewServerId())) {
+                LOG.debug("{}: Initiating capture snapshot for new server {}", raftContext.getId(),
+                        getAddServerContext().getOperation().getNewServerId());
+
+                currentOperationState = new InstallingSnapshot(getAddServerContext(),
+                        newInstallSnapshotTimer());
+
+                snapshotTimer.cancel();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onServerOperationTimeout(ServerOperationTimeout timeout) {
+            handleInstallSnapshotTimeout(timeout);
+
+            LOG.warn("{}: Timeout occured for new server {} while waiting for prior snapshot to complete",
+                    raftContext.getId(), timeout.getLoggingContext());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static final class ServerOperationContextIdentifier extends AbstractUUIDIdentifier<ServerOperationContextIdentifier> {
+        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
+        ServerOperationContextIdentifier() {
+            super(UUID.randomUUID());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stores context information for a server operation.
+     *
+     * @param <T> the operation type
+     */
+    private static abstract class ServerOperationContext<T> {
+        private final T operation;
+        private final ActorRef clientRequestor;
+        private final Identifier contextId;
+
+        ServerOperationContext(T operation, ActorRef clientRequestor){
+            this.operation = operation;
+            this.clientRequestor = clientRequestor;
+            contextId = new ServerOperationContextIdentifier();
+        }
+
+        Identifier getContextId() {
+            return contextId;
+        }
+
+        T getOperation() {
+            return operation;
+        }
+
+        ActorRef getClientRequestor() {
+            return clientRequestor;
+        }
+
+        void operationComplete(RaftActor raftActor, boolean succeeded) {
+        }
+
+        boolean includeSelfInNewConfiguration(RaftActor raftActor) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        abstract Object newReply(ServerChangeStatus status, String leaderId);
+
+        abstract InitialOperationState newInitialOperationState(RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport support);
+
+        abstract String getLoggingContext();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stores context information for an AddServer operation.
+     */
+    private static class AddServerContext extends ServerOperationContext<AddServer> {
+        AddServerContext(AddServer addServer, ActorRef clientRequestor) {
+            super(addServer, clientRequestor);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        Object newReply(ServerChangeStatus status, String leaderId) {
+            return new AddServerReply(status, leaderId);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        InitialOperationState newInitialOperationState(RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport support) {
+            return support.new InitialAddServerState(this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        String getLoggingContext() {
+            return getOperation().getNewServerId();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private abstract class RemoveServerState extends OperationState {
+        private final RemoveServerContext removeServerContext;
+
+        protected RemoveServerState(RemoveServerContext removeServerContext) {
+            this.removeServerContext = Preconditions.checkNotNull(removeServerContext);
+
+        }
+
+        public RemoveServerContext getRemoveServerContext() {
+            return removeServerContext;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class InitialRemoveServerState extends RemoveServerState implements InitialOperationState{
+
+        protected InitialRemoveServerState(RemoveServerContext removeServerContext) {
+            super(removeServerContext);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void initiate() {
+            String serverId = getRemoveServerContext().getOperation().getServerId();
+            raftContext.removePeer(serverId);
+            ((AbstractLeader)raftActor.getCurrentBehavior()).removeFollower(serverId);
+
+            persistNewServerConfiguration(getRemoveServerContext());
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class RemoveServerContext extends ServerOperationContext<RemoveServer> {
+        private final String peerAddress;
+
+        RemoveServerContext(RemoveServer operation, String peerAddress, ActorRef clientRequestor) {
+            super(operation, clientRequestor);
+            this.peerAddress = peerAddress;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        Object newReply(ServerChangeStatus status, String leaderId) {
+            return new RemoveServerReply(status, leaderId);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        InitialOperationState newInitialOperationState(RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport support) {
+            return support.new InitialRemoveServerState(this);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        void operationComplete(RaftActor raftActor, boolean succeeded) {
+            if(peerAddress != null) {
+                raftActor.context().actorSelection(peerAddress).tell(new ServerRemoved(getOperation().getServerId()), raftActor.getSelf());
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        boolean includeSelfInNewConfiguration(RaftActor raftActor) {
+            return !getOperation().getServerId().equals(raftActor.getId());
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        String getLoggingContext() {
+            return getOperation().getServerId();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static class ChangeServersVotingStatusContext extends ServerOperationContext<ChangeServersVotingStatus> {
+        private final boolean tryToElectLeader;
+
+        ChangeServersVotingStatusContext(ChangeServersVotingStatus convertMessage, ActorRef clientRequestor,
+                boolean tryToElectLeader) {
+            super(convertMessage, clientRequestor);
+            this.tryToElectLeader = tryToElectLeader;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        InitialOperationState newInitialOperationState(RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport support) {
+            return support.new ChangeServersVotingStatusState(this, tryToElectLeader);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        Object newReply(ServerChangeStatus status, String leaderId) {
+            return new ServerChangeReply(status, leaderId);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        void operationComplete(final RaftActor raftActor, boolean succeeded) {
+            // If this leader changed to non-voting we need to step down as leader so we'll try to transfer
+            // leadership.
+            boolean localServerChangedToNonVoting = Boolean.FALSE.equals(getOperation().
+                    getServerVotingStatusMap().get(raftActor.getRaftActorContext().getId()));
+            if (succeeded && localServerChangedToNonVoting) {
+                LOG.debug("Leader changed to non-voting - trying leadership transfer");
+                raftActor.becomeNonVoting();
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        String getLoggingContext() {
+            return getOperation().toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class ChangeServersVotingStatusState extends OperationState implements InitialOperationState {
+        private final ChangeServersVotingStatusContext changeVotingStatusContext;
+        private final boolean tryToElectLeader;
+
+        ChangeServersVotingStatusState(ChangeServersVotingStatusContext changeVotingStatusContext,
+                boolean tryToElectLeader) {
+            this.changeVotingStatusContext = changeVotingStatusContext;
+            this.tryToElectLeader = tryToElectLeader;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void initiate() {
+            LOG.debug("Initiating ChangeServersVotingStatusState");
+
+            if(tryToElectLeader) {
+                initiateLocalLeaderElection();
+            } else if(updateLocalPeerInfo()) {
+                persistNewServerConfiguration(changeVotingStatusContext);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void initiateLocalLeaderElection() {
+            LOG.debug("{}: Sending local ElectionTimeout to start leader election", raftContext.getId());
+
+            ServerConfigurationPayload previousServerConfig = raftContext.getPeerServerInfo(true);
+            if(!updateLocalPeerInfo()) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            raftContext.getActor().tell(ElectionTimeout.INSTANCE, raftContext.getActor());
+
+            currentOperationState = new WaitingForLeaderElected(changeVotingStatusContext, previousServerConfig);
+        }
+
+        private boolean updateLocalPeerInfo() {
+            List<ServerInfo> newServerInfoList = newServerInfoList();
+
+            // Check if new voting state would leave us with no voting members.
+            boolean atLeastOneVoting = false;
+            for(ServerInfo info: newServerInfoList) {
+                if(info.isVoting()) {
+                    atLeastOneVoting = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(!atLeastOneVoting) {
+                operationComplete(changeVotingStatusContext, ServerChangeStatus.INVALID_REQUEST);
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            raftContext.updatePeerIds(new ServerConfigurationPayload(newServerInfoList));
+            if(raftActor.getCurrentBehavior() instanceof AbstractLeader) {
+                AbstractLeader leader = (AbstractLeader) raftActor.getCurrentBehavior();
+                leader.updateMinReplicaCount();
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private List<ServerInfo> newServerInfoList() {
+            Map<String, Boolean> serverVotingStatusMap = changeVotingStatusContext.getOperation().getServerVotingStatusMap();
+            List<ServerInfo> newServerInfoList = new ArrayList<>();
+            for(String peerId: raftContext.getPeerIds()) {
+                newServerInfoList.add(new ServerInfo(peerId, serverVotingStatusMap.containsKey(peerId) ?
+                        serverVotingStatusMap.get(peerId) : raftContext.getPeerInfo(peerId).isVoting()));
+            }
+
+            newServerInfoList.add(new ServerInfo(raftContext.getId(), serverVotingStatusMap.containsKey(
+                    raftContext.getId()) ? serverVotingStatusMap.get(raftContext.getId()) : raftContext.isVotingMember()));
+
+            return newServerInfoList;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class WaitingForLeaderElected extends OperationState {
+        private final ServerConfigurationPayload previousServerConfig;
+        private final ChangeServersVotingStatusContext operationContext;
+        private final Cancellable timer;
+
+        WaitingForLeaderElected(ChangeServersVotingStatusContext operationContext,
+                ServerConfigurationPayload previousServerConfig) {
+            this.operationContext = operationContext;
+            this.previousServerConfig = previousServerConfig;
+
+            timer = newTimer(raftContext.getConfigParams().getElectionTimeOutInterval(),
+                    new ServerOperationTimeout(operationContext.getLoggingContext()));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        void onNewLeader(String newLeader) {
+            LOG.debug("{}: New leader {} elected", raftContext.getId(), newLeader);
+
+            timer.cancel();
+
+            if(raftActor.isLeader()) {
+                persistNewServerConfiguration(operationContext);
+            } else {
+                // Edge case - some other node became leader so forward the operation.
+                LOG.debug("{}: Forwarding {} to new leader", raftContext.getId(), operationContext.getOperation());
+
+                // Revert the local server config change.
+                raftContext.updatePeerIds(previousServerConfig);
+
+                changeToIdleState();
+                RaftActorServerConfigurationSupport.this.onNewOperation(operationContext);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        void onServerOperationTimeout(ServerOperationTimeout timeout) {
+            LOG.warn("{}: Leader election timed out - cannot apply operation {}",
+                    raftContext.getId(), timeout.getLoggingContext());
+
+            // Revert the local server config change.
+            raftContext.updatePeerIds(previousServerConfig);
+            raftActor.initializeBehavior();
+
+            tryToForwardOperationToAnotherServer();
+        }
+
+        private void tryToForwardOperationToAnotherServer() {
+            Collection<String> serversVisited = new HashSet<>(operationContext.getOperation().getServersVisited());
+
+            LOG.debug("{}: tryToForwardOperationToAnotherServer - servers already visited {}", raftContext.getId(),
+                    serversVisited);
+
+            serversVisited.add(raftContext.getId());
+
+            // Try to find another whose state is being changed from non-voting to voting and that we haven't
+            // tried yet.
+            Map<String, Boolean> serverVotingStatusMap = operationContext.getOperation().getServerVotingStatusMap();
+            ActorSelection forwardToPeerActor = null;
+            for(Map.Entry<String, Boolean> e: serverVotingStatusMap.entrySet()) {
+                Boolean isVoting = e.getValue();
+                String serverId = e.getKey();
+                PeerInfo peerInfo = raftContext.getPeerInfo(serverId);
+                if(isVoting && peerInfo != null && !peerInfo.isVoting() && !serversVisited.contains(serverId)) {
+                    ActorSelection actor = raftContext.getPeerActorSelection(serverId);
+                    if(actor != null) {
+                        forwardToPeerActor = actor;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(forwardToPeerActor != null) {
+                LOG.debug("{}: Found server {} to forward to", raftContext.getId(), forwardToPeerActor);
+
+                forwardToPeerActor.tell(new ChangeServersVotingStatus(serverVotingStatusMap, serversVisited),
+                        operationContext.getClientRequestor());
+                changeToIdleState();
+            } else {
+                operationComplete(operationContext, ServerChangeStatus.NO_LEADER);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    static class ServerOperationTimeout {
+        private final String loggingContext;
+
+        ServerOperationTimeout(String loggingContext){
+           this.loggingContext = Preconditions.checkNotNull(loggingContext, "loggingContext should not be null");
+        }
+
+        String getLoggingContext() {
+            return loggingContext;
+        }
     }
 }